The Andrada Dynasty
Posted on Brazzil magazine in the comments section as a reply to a question from a member of that magazine.
Reply to Joao da Silva
Reply to Joao da Silva
I mentioned to you the Jose Bonifacio’s family relation to the Portuguese Royal Family – you probably would enjoy reading this information regarding my reply to some readers’ questions in response to some of my articles.
This information is not complete as yet, since there is a lot of information that still are missing and I need to add.
The “Andrada” Dynasty
Here is what I wrote in response to a question from one of the readers that wanted to know more information about our family background as follows:
By the way, do you know what I mean by ancestor?
Ancestors these are people who came before you on your family tree. That is why there is a direct bloodline connection with these people who lived on the past.
Let me try to clarify this connection with the past for you – For example Jose Bonifacio de Andrada e Silva (The Patriarch of Brazilian Independence) - He fought very bravely during a number of years in Portugal under the command of the Duke of Wellington and they defeat the French armies on three different French invasions of Portugal during that time.
They have all the documents in Portugal, and it is on the record about all these battles that they have documented how close Jose Bonifacio came very close to getting killed in battle a number of times – and he earned many honors as a great warrior. He was always in the frontlines and was one of the first ones to charge against the enemy, and he was an inspiration to his battalion.
If Jose Bonifacio had died on one of these battles during that time, as a direct descendant from him, I would not be here today including my sisters, my father, my father’s mother and so on…None of us would have been born, since we are all direct descendants of the second daughter of Jose Bonifacio.
Someone after reading one of my articles asked me a question about how many noble people I had as my ancestors. After a quick compilation from books about our family and information on other historic sources I was able to come up with a short list of people whom I listed below. Probably there are many more people that I left out and I have not included on the list.
Going back in my family tree I had many important ancestors, for example:
I am 4th generation from Senator Jose Bonifacio de Andrada e Silva (O Moco)
(He was the grandson of The Patriarch of Independence)
I am 5th generation from Martim Francisco Ribeiro de Andrada
(He wrote the document declaring the independence of Brazil)
I am 6th generation from Jose Bonifacio de Andrada e Silva (Patriarca da Independencia)
(He is responsible for the independence of Brazil from Portugal)
I am 4th generation from Senator Francisco Souza Queiroz - Barão de Souza Queiroz
I am 5th generation from Brigadier Luiz Antonio de Souza - Barão de Souza Queiroz
I am 5th generation from Senator Nicolau Campos Vergueiro
(Regent of the Empire of Brazil)
I am 9th generation from a younger brother of Dom João lV (Bragança Dynasty)
I am 10th generation from the 7th Duke of Bragança
I am 11th generation from the 6th Duke of Bragança
I am 12th generation from the 5th Duke of Bragança
I am 12th generation from Dom João III (Aviz Dynasty)
I am 13th generation from the 4th Duke of Bragança
I am 14th generation from the 3rd Duke of Bragança
I am 15th generation from the 2nd Duke of Bragança
I am 16th generation from the 1st Duke of Bragança
(The 1st Duke of Braganca was a son of Dom Joao I )
I am 17th generation from Dom João I and his Queen Philippa of Lancaster
(Portuguese King and his English Queen)
I am 17th generation from Dom João I - (Aviz Dynasty) (from 1385 – to 1433)
I am 18th generation from John the Gaunt (Lancaster Dynasty) father of Queen Philippa.
(He is the father of Queen Philippa of Lancaster) (English Nobility)
Royal House:
Dom João I and Dom João III were both kings of Portugal from the Aviz Dynasty.
John the Gaunt was king of England from the Lancaster Dynasty.
The two Emperors of Brazil also were descendants of the 7th Duke of Bragança, since the 8th Duke of Bragança became Dom João IV king of Portugal.
*****
Jose Bonifacio de Andrada e Silva
But from all of my famous ancestors there’s one that stands out, and he is my favorite and the one that I am most proud of – Jose Bonifacio de Andrada e Silva (The Patriarch of Brazilian Independence.) I am 6th generation from Jose Bonifacio de Andrada e Silva.
Jose Bonifacio could have accumulated immense wealth when he was running all kinds of important positions in the Portuguese government between 1801 and 1819 when he returned to Brazil. But he did not because he was not interested in wealth, he was an idealist and did a lot of things because he thought it was his duty as a good citizen.
When Jose Bonifacio organized the revolution to separate Brazil from Portugal D. Pedro was ready to go back to Portugal, and he asked Jose Bonifacio to become the new emperor of Brazil. (D.Pedro was aware that Jose Bonifacio was a descendant of the 7th Duke of Braganca, and also of D. Joao III - Aviz Dynasty)
Jose Bonifacio declined the offer because he thought he was too old at age 57 to become the new emperor of Brazil. That was when Jose Bonifacio convinced D. Pedro to stay in Brazil, and become emperor himself.
When Jose Bonifacio became Prime Minister, D. Pedro offered him any title he wanted and wealth for that matter – and Jose Bonifacio turned him down, because he was not interested on either offer.
D. Pedro asked Jose Bonifacio again for him to become the new emperor of Brazil right before D. Pedro became D. Pedro I – and D. Pedro asked Jose Bonifacio for the last time for him to become the emperor of Brazil when D. Pedro was ready to abdicate to return to Portugal.
Jose Bonifacio turned down the offer to become emperor of Brazil for the third time – then D. Pedro forced Jose Bonifacio to become the tutor of D. Pedro II.
*****
José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva's Noble Ancestry
According to historian Afrânio Peixoto (1876-1947) in his study of José Bonifácio's genealogical family tree, he found out that José Bonifácio's great-grandfather was a younger brother of Dom Joäo IV, O Restaurador (The Restorer). Dom Joäo IV was the King of Portugal from 1640 to 1656, and he was credited with restoring the liberty of the Portuguese people from Spanish rule.
It was during the reign of Dom João l that the Portuguese aristocracy began to be officially ranked by the categories and titles typical of the French and English nobility. João l was fortunate in possessing the qualities of a successful prince, and in having ministers and a family of the highest quality. He was himself a cultured and learned man, prudent almost to a fault, and astute in his political dealings.
João I's English queen, Philippa of Lancaster, daughter of John the Gaunt, was a most exemplary princess, both as a wife and a queen. Their five sons were the most talented and imaginative generation of heirs in Portuguese history.
The Bragança Dynasty
The first dukedom in Portuguese aristocratic history had been created by the crown during the reign of D. João I (1384-1433), and given to his son Afonso who became the first Duke of Bragança.
In 1578, the young ruler of Portugal Sebastião I died in battle creating a crisis of succession for the Portuguese crown. The late king's sixty-six year old great-uncle Cardinal D. Henrique, was left regent but lived only a year and a half, ending the rule of the Aviz dynasty. The strongest claimant to the throne was Felipe II of Spain, for he was the uncle of Sebastião and his first wife had been a Portuguese princess.
Then for a period of 60 years, Portugal was ruled from Spain by the Hapsburg dynasty from 1580 to 1640.
In 1637 an economic crisis was under way in Portugal, followed by a revolt in 1640. At that time, the leading descendant of the Portuguese royal family, Dom João, eighth Duke of Bragança, was acclaimed as a national leader. Grandson of a daughter of Dom João III (1521-1557), and the greatest landholder in Portugal, with 80,000 peasants on his Alentejo estates, João of Bragança was the natural leader of Portuguese society. He was born on March 19, 1604 in Portugal, and he died on November 6, 1656.
On December 1, 1640 Dom João of Bragança was acclaimed king of Portugal as Dom João IV, and he restored the Portuguese monarchy. This is why he is also named Dom João IV, The Restorer, and he ruled Portugal from 1640 to 1656.
He was the first king of the Bragança dynasty, a dynasty that ruled Portugal until 1910, and also ruled Brazil from 1822 to 1889.
José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva and his Aviz, Bragança and Lancaster Dynasty Ancestry
José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva was a great/great-grandson of the 7th Duke of Bragança, and his great-grandfather was a younger brother of the 8th Duke of Bragança who became in 1640, Dom João IV king of Portugal.
José Bonifácio's great-grandfather also was a great-grandson of Dom João III (1521-1557), a Portuguese king from the Aviz dynasty. Dom João III ruled Portugal at the height of Portuguese power.
José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva and his brothers Martim Francisco and Antonio Carlos were descendants of the Aviz Dynasty. The Andrada brothers were the 6th generation direct descendants of Dom João III.
On the Bragança side they were direct descendants of the 7th Duke of Bragança, and going back many generations they also were descendants of D. João I of the Aviz Dynasty, and of his British queen of the Lancaster Dynasty.
José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva (The Younger)
José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva (The Younger) who was a son of Martim Francisco Ribeiro de Andrada and his wife Gabriela Frederica Ribeiro de Andrada (she was a daughter of José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva, The Patriarch of Brazilian Independence.) Martim Francisco was 12 years younger than his brother José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva (The Patriarch), and he married his niece.
My grandmother's grandfather was a son of Martim Francisco, and grandson of José Bonifácio, The Patriarch. He also was a nephew of The Patriarch, because his father Martim Francisco had married his niece, a daughter of The Patriarch.
José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva (The Younger) was born on November 8, 1827, in France during exile. He was named José Bonifácio in honor of his famous grandfather.
José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva (O
Moco / The Younger) married Adelaide Eugenia Aguiar de Andrada on
August 3, 1854.
Adelaide Eugenia Aguiar de Andrada was
a granddaughter of Barbara Joaquina de Andrada – a sister of Jose
Bonifacio de Andrada e Silva (The Patriarch of Independence), and
also of his father Martim Francisco Ribeiro de Andrada.
José Bonifácio (The Younger) had such prestige in literary circles that critics compared him with the best writers of the time. The highest literary honor in Brazil is to become a member of the Brazilian Academy of letters. The Academy has only 40 chairs and when a member is elected to one of these chairs he holds that honor to the end of his life. Each chair has a patron and the chair is named in his honor. The patron of chair number 22 at the Brazilian Academy of Letters is my great/great grandfather: José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva (The Younger).
José Bonifácio was elected deputado on June 14, 1861. He was appointed Minister of the Navy on June 29, 1862. He stayed in that position until a new Ministry was formed by the government on May 12, 1865. Later he spent another period as a government Minister. After that on December 9, 1878 he was elected Senator representing the State of São Paulo. When he died of a heart attack on October 25, 1886 he was still a Senator.
My grandmother's maiden name was Sylvia Andrada de Souza Queiroz. When I was young, I used to spend my weekends in my grandmother's house, and sometimes stayed with her on my vacation for weeks at a time. My grandmother reminds me of a sophisticated French or Italian baroness. She was very proper all the time, and she did not like jokes or language that was not proper for a lady.
She always wore gray, navy blue or black skirts, and white, black or lilac color silk and linen blouses. First thing in the morning and she was completely dressed up and her hair was done. She always looked like she was going out to some special function. It did not matter the time of day or day of the week, my grandmother was always impeccably dressed. Since I was a little kid, I never even once saw my grandmother casually dressed. She died at age 95, she had a very nice life since she was very wealthy and never had to work for a living her entire life. She was the last link to an age long gone.
The Andrada brothers have streets, avenues, squares, and monuments named in their honor all over Brazil. The Andrada family became very influential in Brazilian politics since 1821. Even after the three brothers' death, over 50 of their descendants had illustrious political careers and became governor of states in Brazil, senators, deputados federais (congressmen), mayors, and cabinet ministers in Brazil.
Note:
The parents of José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva had ten children of which José Bonifácio was the second eldest. His older brother Patricio Manoel Bueno de Andrada was a Catholic priest.
The names of the ten children and year of their birthday is as follows:
The French Revolution
Note:
The parents of José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva had ten children of which José Bonifácio was the second eldest. His older brother Patricio Manoel Bueno de Andrada was a Catholic priest.
The names of the ten children and year of their birthday is as follows:
1) Patricio Manoel Bueno de Andrada
- (March 24, 1760)
2) José Bonifácio de Andrada e
Silva - (June 13, 1763)
(The Patriarch of Independence of
Brazil)
3) Maria Flora Ribeiro de Andrada -
(1764)
4) Barbara Joaquina de Andrada -
(1766)
5) Ana Marcelina Ribeiro de Andrada
- (1768)
6) Bonifácio José de Andrada -
(1769)
7) Antônio Carlos Ribeiro de
Andrada Machado e Silva
(November 1, 1773)
(November 1, 1773)
8) Martim Francisco Ribeiro de
Andrada - (June 19, 1775)
9) Ursula de Andrada (some
biographers of José Bonifácio do not list this sister because she
died as a baby)
10) Francisco Eugênio de Andrada -
(August 11, 1778)
Here is where Jose Bonifacio got his training and learned first hand about Constitutions, and form of government. By the way, this is my favorite area of world history – the French Revolution.
José Bonifácio, the architect of Brazilian independence, is known as "The Patriarch of Brazilian Independence". José Bonifácio was the source that gave the orientation, the form, the doctrine, the guidance, the intellect, and strategy, the combination of which resulted in the liberty and unity of the new Brazilian nation. Without José Bonifácio the country Brazil on its current form would not exist today.
The greatest French influence on Brazilian culture came as a result of the French Revolution. José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva was studying in Paris at the Royal School of Mines in the years 1790 - 1792. He was studying under many world famous scientists of the time, including Vauquelin, Antonio Lourenço Jussie, Jean-Antoine Chaptal, Antoine François Fourcroy and Antoine Laurent Lavoisier.
José Bonifácio got to know Lavoisier well because both of them were interested in geology. He also had a personal friendship with Vauquelin, Fourcroy and Chaptal and through them he met their good friend Maximilien Robespierre.
These men had one thing in common: they were members of one of the most influential political clubs of the French Revolution – the Club Breton ; later their members become known as the Jacobins. The Jacobin Club counted among its early members Mirabeau, Abbé Sieyès, Barnave, Pétion, the Duc d'Aiguillon and Robespierre. José Bonifácio had direct exposure during this period to the best intellectual minds of that time that were having a major impact on the events of the French Revolution.
He traveled a lot around Europe during 1793 - 1800, but his favorite place was Paris and he stopped in Paris every time he had the chance. This decade (1790 -1800) is the period that had the major influence on the formation of his intellectual, cultural, scientific, and political thoughts that helped him in the fulfillment of his destiny as a great statesman.
In 1823, the Andrada brothers (José Bonifácio, Martim Francisco and Antônio Carlos), with their leadership, had a major impact on the Constituent Assembly. They guided the proceedings of the process of framing the first Brazilian Constitution. This Constitution was effective December 13, 1823. They used as a model the French Constitution of 1816 which is also referred to as the "Lamartine Constitution".
The Brazilian legal and judicial system is based on Roman law and the Napoleonic Code.
*****
The “Souza Queiroz” Family
Here are some more facts about my ancestors and Family History.
The Souza Queiroz family branch also has documented that the Senator Francisco Souza Queiroz - Barão de Souza Queiroz is a direct descendant of Alfonso VI – King of Spain and his wife Isabel of Seville.
In 2005 one of my cousins got in contact with me because our family is in the process of writing various books documenting the history of our family, and the impact that they had in Brazilian history. He told me that there are right now various historians in Brazil doing research and writing books about our family, and the genealogic tree of the Barao de Souza Queiroz (one of my great-great grandfathers).
The historians found some interesting information regarding the ancestors of the Baron de Souza Queiroz and they included various kings of Spain. They were able to trace his ancestors all the way to Alfonso VI – King of Spain around 1095. The interesting information about that particular ancestor is that he married the Muslim Princess Zaida (b. 1071- d.1103) – the daughter of Muhammad III (Abu-l-Kasim) Al-Mutamid, King of Seville. Muhammad III born in 1040, in Seville, Spain, and after the Spanish drove him out of Spain he became the Emir of Morocco and he died in 1095, in Aghmat, Morocco at age 55.
When Muslim Princess Zaida married Alfonso VI – King of Spain, she was baptized Catholic and they changed her name to Isabel of Seville.
***
Note: Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar (Vivar c.1040 – Valencia, 10 July 1099), known as “El Cid” Campeador, was a Castilian nobleman, then military and political leader who conquered and governed the city of Valencia. Rodrigo Díaz was educated in the royal court of the Castile and became the alférez, or chief general, of “Alfonso VI,” fighting against the Moors in the early Reconquista.
***
The Baron of Souza Queiroz had thirteen children and my great-grandfather was the Baron’s youngest child.
My great-grandfather Carlos de Souza Queiroz, married Maria Flora de Andrada e Silva.
Maria Flora was a daughter of Jose Bonifacio de Andrada e Silva (The Young).
The marriage of my great-grandfather Carlos de Souza Queiroz with Maria Flora de Andrada e Silva – brought together the 2 most influential families in Brazil.
***
As you can see my family tree includes many important people in Brazilian, Portuguese, Spanish, and English history. I also know that a branch of my family is also descendent of the Spanish Hapsburg Dynasty as documented by the historians in Brazil.
All the above ancestry is from my father’s side of the family. On my mother’s side of the family we also had senators and other important people from Brazilian history.
************
History of Portugal
Portugal emerged in the twelfth
century, as a direct result of the Christian conquest of Iberia.
Originally governed by the kingdoms of Castile and Leon, Portugal's
separation began when Henry of Burgundy was appointed Count of
Portugal in 1095. By 1139 Henry's son, Alfonso Henriques, was calling
himself king of Portugal, and in 1179 a Pope recognized the
legitimacy of this new country.
Burgundy dynasty
Henry of Burgundy was appointed
Count of Portugal in 1095
1128 – 1185 Alfonso Henriques
I (king from 1139)
1185 – 1211 Sancho I
1211 – 1223 Alfonso II
1223 – 1245 Sancho II
1245 – 1279 Alfonso III
1279 – 1325 Diniz (O Lavrador)
1325 – 1357 Alfonso IV
1357 – 1367 Pedro I
1367 – 1383 Fernando I
Aviz dynasty
1385 – 1433 Joao I (regent 1383 - 1385)
1433 – 1438 Duarte (O Elequente)
1438 – 1481 Alfonso V
1481 – 1495 Joao II
1495 – 1521 Manoel I
1521 – 1557 Joao III
1557 – 1578 Sebastiao (O Desejado)
1578 – 1580 Henrique I
Habsburg dynasty - personal union with Spain
1580 – 1598 Felipe I
1598 – 1621 Felipe II
1621 – 1640 Felipe III
Braganca dynasty
1640 – 1656 Joao IV (Joao o Restaurador) (The eighth Duke of Braganca)*
1656 – 1683 Alfonso VI **
1683 – 1706 Pedro II ***
1706 – 1750 Joao V
1750 – 1777 José I ****
1777 – 1786 Pedro III *****
1777 – 1816 Maria I
1816 – 1826 Joao VI ******
1826 Pedro IV
1826 – 1828 Maria II
1828 – 1833 Miguel I
1833 – 1853 Maria II
Braganca - Coburg dynasty
1837 – 1853 Ferdinando
1853 – 1861 Pedro V
1861 – 1889 Luiz I
1889 - 1908 Carlos I
1908 – 1910 Manoel II
Portuguese Republic on 5 October 1910, during the reign of Manoel II
Notes:
1) The son of Manual I, Henrique I
was educated for the priesthood and was made a cardinal in 1545. He
acted as regent for King Sebastiao (O Desejado), and succeeded to the
throne when Sebastiao was killed at the Battle of the Three Kings in
Morocco. Henrique I left no heir, and the Avis dynasty ended with
him.
When Henrique I died, seven claimants disputed the succession to the throne. The most powerful was Felipe II, king of Spain, who in 1580 became Felipe I of Portugal.
2) 1640 – 1656 Joao IV (Joao o Restaurador) (The eighth Duke of Braganca)
*By 1640 the wise policies of Felipe I in respect of Portugal were long past. The country was overtaxed, Portuguese colonies were left unprotected, and the King Felipe III of Portugal no longer had the trust or support of most Portuguese nobility. He was especially loathed by the powerful Portuguese guild of merchants. Portugal, like the rest of Felipe's kingdoms, was on the verge of rebellion.
The eighth Duke of Braganca, D. Joao II of Braganca, had inherited the claim of his grandmother, Infanta Catarina of Portugal, and the remoter claim through of his grandfather Joao I of Braganca. Because of his claims, the discontent Portuguese nobility asked Joao II to lead their restoration as their king.
According to court historians, D. Joao II was a modest man without particular ambitions to the crown. Legend says that his wife, Dona Luiza de Guzman, daughter of the Duke of Medina-Sidonia, urged him to accept the offer, saying "I'd rather be queen for one day than duchess for a lifetime." He accepted the leadership of the rebellion, which was successful, and was acclaimed Joao IV of Portugal (Joao o Restaurador) on December 1, 1640.
*Jose Bonifacio de Andrada e Silva's
great-grandfather was the youngest brother of the 8th (eighth) Duke
of Braganca.
**Alfonso VI, 1643–83, king of
Portugal (1656–83), son and successor of Joao IV. Slightly
paralyzed and mentally defective, he led a dissolute youth until he
came under the influence of the count of Castelho Melhor in 1662. The
count of Castelho Melhor then took over the government and ruled
ably. Under Castelho Melhor's direction the army won the series of
victories over Spain (1663 – 65) that finally secured Spanish
recognition of Portuguese independence (1668). After Alfonso's
marriage (1666) to Marie Françoise of Savoy, daughter of the duc de
Nemours, the young queen took a hand in government. She and the
king's younger brother (later Pedro II) fell in love, and in 1667
they forced Castelho Melhor from power and made Alfonso sign over the
government to Pedro, who became prince regent. A quick annulment of
her marriage to Alfonso enabled Marie Françoise to wed the new
regent. Alfonso was confined in the Azores until 1674 and at Sintra
thereafter.
In 1683 after Alfonso VI's death
then his brother Pedro became Pedro II.
4) 1683 – 1706 Pedro II
***Pedro II not only inherited his brother's throne but also married his wife, Queen Marie Françoise of Savoy (1646–1683). They had one daughter, Princess Isabella Louise (1669–90), Princess of Beira and heiress-presumptive, a.k.a. "a Sempre-Noiva" (the ever-engaged), because of the many marriage projects intended for her that were never completed. The Queen, apparently incapable of birthing more offspring, died at the end of 1683, 14 years after Isabella's birth. Because the Princess was a fragile and sick child, the King decided to marry again.
The chosen bride was Maria Sophia (1666–1699), daughter of Phillip William of Neuburg. Among Sophia's sisters were Eleonor Madeleine, wife of Leopold I of Austria and Maria Anna, second wife of Charles II of Spain.
This marriage was concluded, and the couple had eight children, including the new viable heir to the throne, the younger Joao, who eventually succeeded his father, after his death in 1706, as King Joao V of Portugal.
5) 1750 – 1777 Jose I
****He was the third child of King Joao V of Portugal and his wife Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria. Jose I had an older
brother, Peter (but he died at the age of two), an older sister and
three younger brothers. At the death of his elder brother, Jose
became Prince of Brazil as the heir-apparent of the king, and 11th
Duke of Braganca.
He succeeded to the Portuguese throne in 1750, when he was 36 years old, and almost immediately placed effective power in the hands of Sebastiao Jose de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal
He succeeded to the Portuguese throne in 1750, when he was 36 years old, and almost immediately placed effective power in the hands of Sebastiao Jose de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal
6) 1777 – 1786 Pedro III
*****His parents were King Dom Joao V and his wife Dona Maria Ana of Austria. Pedro was a younger brother of José I of Portugal.
Pedro III married his niece Maria, Princess of Brazil, in 1760, at which time she was the heiress presumptive to the throne then held by his brother José I. According to custom, Pedro thus became king Pedro III of Portugal in right of his wife. They had six children, of whom the eldest surviving son succeeded Maria as Joao VI on her death in 1816.
7) 1816 – 1826 Joao VI
******Joao VI - Born in Lisbon in 1767, the son of Pedro III of Portugal, and Queen Maria I, he was originally an infante (prince not heir to the throne) of Portugal, and only became heir to the throne when his older brother, Jose, Price of Brazil, died in 1788, of smallpox, at the age of 27.
Before his accession to the Portuguese throne, Joao VI bore the titles of Duke of Braganca and Duke of Beja, as well as the title of Price of Brazil.
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